When selecting the best antigen for lateral flow cancer screening, it’s essential to consider markers that are both highly specific to cancer cells and expressed in the early stages of cancer.
We only select, those antigens that are easily detectable and present in a sufficient concentration in body fluids like blood, urine, endocervical swab or saliva.
Here are some of the best-known antigens currently used by us or investigated for lateral flow cancer screening:
Peanut agglutinin (PNA) plays a role in cancer detection because it specifically binds to the Thomsen–Friedenreich antigen (T-antigen) — a carbohydrate structure that is hidden in normal cells but exposed…
When it’s exposed, it can be detected by specific antibodies (like peanut agglutinin), and its presence is linked to disease processes. The Thomsen–Friedenreich antigen (T antigen) — sometimes called the…
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a protein normally produced by the fetal liver and yolk sac during development. In adults, AFP levels are usually very low, so an elevated AFP can be…
Carbohydrate antigen 72-4 (CA72-4) is a tumor-associated glycoprotein frequently studied as a biomarker for cancer, particularly gastric and gynecological malignancies. Here’s a detailed overview based on current research: Overview and…
The Thomsen–Friedenreich (TF) antigen, also known as CD176, is a disaccharide structure comprising galactose and N-acetylgalactosamine (Galβ1-3GalNAcα1-Ser/Thr). It serves as the core 1 structure in O-linked glycosylation of proteins. In…
KRAS mutations are among the most common oncogenic drivers in human cancers, notably in pancreatic, colorectal, and lung cancers. The KRAS gene encodes a protein that functions as a molecular…
TP53 (Tumor Protein p53)
Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) is a well-established cancer biomarker with diverse clinical applications, especially in liver and germ cell tumors. Here’s a detailed summary of its biological role, diagnostic value, prognostic utility,…
Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) is a widely used cancer biomarker, particularly for prostate cancer (PCa). While it has transformed prostate cancer screening and monitoring, it also has notable limitations. Here’s a…
CEA is a cell adhesion molecule normally produced during fetal development. In adults, it is usually undetectable in the blood, but it may be re-expressed and elevated in certain cancers,…